{"id":3985,"date":"2025-05-19T09:09:18","date_gmt":"2025-05-19T07:09:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/?p=3985"},"modified":"2026-01-08T16:33:11","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T15:33:11","slug":"sicurezza-tpl-europa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/sicurezza-tpl-europa\/","title":{"rendered":"PUBLIC TRANSPORT: A SAFE MODE OF TRAVEL? \u2013 A European Overview of Data, Trends, and Regulations"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In Europe, about 1-2% of road fatalities are related to accidents involving buses or coaches. In 2023, out of more than 20,000 deaths, only 90 were associated with these vehicles. This trend is also confirmed in Italy, where the share falls below 1%, reinforcing the evidence that public road transport is among the safest modes of travel.<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1810\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ENG_INCIDENTI-STRADALI-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Grafico sicurezza TPL autobus Europa 2023\" class=\"wp-image-3990\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ENG_INCIDENTI-STRADALI-scaled.jpg 1810w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ENG_INCIDENTI-STRADALI-1280x1810.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ENG_INCIDENTI-STRADALI-980x1386.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ENG_INCIDENTI-STRADALI-480x679.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 1810px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c40ba2c8e0f305e41631c4951181bcb3\" style=\"color:#0763e3\">Share on:<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-social-links has-large-icon-size has-icon-color has-icon-background-color is-style-pill-shape is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-social-links-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex\"><li style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#ebebeb;\" class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-linkedin has-white-color wp-block-social-link\"><a rel=\"noopener nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/sharing\/share-offsite\/?url=https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/sicurezza-tpl-europa\/\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" 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d=\"M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">Instagram<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n<li style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#ebebeb;\" class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-facebook has-white-color wp-block-social-link\"><a rel=\"noopener nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/sicurezza-tpl-europa\/\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Comparative Statistics on the Frequency and Severity of Accidents<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>According to data from the European Commission, between 2019 and 2023 only about 1\u20132% of all road fatalities in EU countries involved accidents with buses or coaches. In 2023, out of approximately 20,384 road deaths, 90 occurred in accidents involving buses. While this figure marks a slight increase compared to the 80 deaths recorded in 2022, it remains well below the pre-pandemic average, confirming a long-term downward trend\u2014with a 36% decrease from the 140 fatalities reported in 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2358\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab1-eng-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3993\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab1-eng-scaled.jpg 2394w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab1-eng-1280x1369.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab1-eng-980x1048.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab1-eng-480x513.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 2358px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Basco&amp;T Consulting elaboration on ACEA data <a href=\"https:\/\/data.europa.eu\/it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Commissione Europea<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Making a comparison between different European countries in terms of deaths related to accidents involving buses or coaches in 2023, and relating the absolute figures to the population to obtain a normalized rate per 100,000 inhabitants, the position of Italy is first of all striking, with 28 deaths recording the highest absolute number among the countries considered, corresponding to a rate of 0.05 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. This value is second only to Estonia and Croatia, which, although with much lower absolute numbers (1 and 2 deaths), show higher proportional rates due to their smaller populations (0.07).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In contrast, France and Spain, two of the most populous countries on the list, show the lowest rates (0.01), despite having had 5 deaths each. This points to greater relative safety or lower incidence of serious events, at least as a proportion of the population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even countries with large populations such as Germany (with 6 deaths out of more than 83 million) and Poland (8 deaths out of 36 million) maintain low rates (0.01 and 0.02), confirming that raw data are not sufficient to define the real risk to the population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1236\" height=\"1078\" src=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab2-eng.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3992\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab2-eng.png 1624w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab2-eng-1280x851.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab2-eng-980x652.png 980w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab2-eng-480x319.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1236px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Basco&amp;T Consulting elaboration on ACEA data <a href=\"https:\/\/data.europa.eu\/it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Commissione Europea<\/a><\/em> and <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EUROSTAT<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Note 1: For Sweden, Ireland and the Czech Republic, as data for 2023 were not available, data for 2022 were used.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Note 2: For other EU countries, data were not available.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall in 2023, the fatality rate related to bus accidents was about 0.03 deaths per 100,000 EU population, compared with an average rate of 45 deaths per million population for all road fatalities.For bus accidents, the data show a similar picture but with greater variability: in 2022, the death rate ranged from 4.9 deaths per million in Croatia to 0.3 in Sweden. In 2023, Sweden had 0 deaths, while Croatia dropped to 2, confirming an improvement. Italy, on the other hand, had a sharp increase from 7 to 28 fatalities, corresponding to a rate of 0.48 deaths per million population-likely related to a single high-severity event.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Over the decade 2013-2023, Slovenia showed the steepest decline in road mortality, with a -53.6 percent reduction, followed by Poland (-42.0 percent), Belgium (-37.7 percent) and Luxembourg (-34.4 percent). Baltic countries such as Lithuania also showed significant progress (-33.7%). Among the Scandinavian countries, Finland reduced fatalities by -31.3%, while Sweden, already among the safest, improved further with a -18.5% drop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The situation in Eastern European countries is different: Romania, Latvia and Bulgaria were starting from very high levels and, although they improved their figures slightly, they remain among the countries with the highest incidence of fatalities in 2023. Even Portugal (+1.6 percent) and Spain (+5.6 percent) saw a slight deterioration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1901\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab3-eng-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3994\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab3-eng-scaled.jpg 1890w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab3-eng-1280x1734.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab3-eng-980x1327.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab3-eng-480x650.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 1901px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Basco&amp;T Consulting elaboration on ACEA data <a href=\"https:\/\/data.europa.eu\/it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Commissione Europea<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prevention and Safety Measures&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Across Europe, a wide range of prevention and safety measures have been implemented to reduce both the risk and severity of accidents in local bus transport. These efforts target human factors, vehicle standards, and infrastructure conditions. Below is an overview of key initiatives and safety standards adopted in various countries\u2014often harmonised at the EU level:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Driver Training and Requirements:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>In all EU countries, bus drivers must hold a specific license (Category D) and undergo continuous professional training. Since 2008, the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) has been mandatory for bus drivers, requiring 35 hours of periodic training every five years on safety, defensive driving, and emergency procedures. This ensures drivers stay up to date on safe driving techniques, first aid, and passenger management. Strict regulations also apply to minimum age and health conditions; drivers must undergo regular medical check-ups (vision, cardiovascular health, etc.) to maintain fitness to drive. Many public transport operators also provide additional training on defensive driving and stress management. <strong>In countries like Germany and Sweden, driver education places strong emphasis on operating vehicles in difficult conditions (e.g., snow, emergencies).<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Driving Time Regulations and Fatigue Management:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Preventing fatigue-related accidents is a priority. EU Regulation No. 561\/2006 sets clear limits on driving hours: a bus driver may drive a maximum of 9 hours per day (10 hours up to twice a week), with mandatory breaks and minimum daily and weekly rest periods. All long-distance and scheduled-service buses must be equipped with digital tachographs that record driving time, breaks, and speed, enabling authorities to verify compliance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To strengthen fatigue prevention, starting in July 2024 the EU General Safety Regulation mandates fatigue and distraction detection systems in all new buses. These devices monitor driving behavior and issue automatic warnings when signs of drowsiness or loss of attention are detected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vehicle Maintenance and Technical Inspections:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>All European countries require mandatory periodic inspections of buses\u2014usually annually, or every six months for older or high-mileage vehicles. Inspections check brakes, steering, tires, lights, structural integrity, fire extinguishers, and more. Following several serious accidents, some countries tightened controls. Italy, for instance, introduced mobile inspection units for surprise roadside checks and tougher penalties for garages issuing fraudulent certificates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many cities are also renewing their bus fleets with modern vehicles featuring higher passive safety standards: reinforced rollover-resistant roofs, safety glass, additional emergency exits. Newer buses are equipped with advanced active safety systems such as Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB), collision warning, lane-keeping assistance, Electronic Stability Control (ESC), and legal speed limiters (typically set at 100 km\/h for coaches). <strong>From 2024 to 2026, many of these features will become mandatory across the EU for new bus models.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Additional upcoming mandatory equipment includes alcohol interlocks (which prevent vehicle startup if alcohol levels are too high), emergency brake light flashing, and blind spot detection systems for cyclists and pedestrians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Infrastructure Improvements and Road Safety Standards:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>European governments are also upgrading road infrastructure to better protect heavy and public transport vehicles. The EU Directive on Road Infrastructure Safety Management obliges member states to perform regular safety audits and inspections on critical sections of the TEN-T (Trans-European Transport Network) and high-risk roads. This includes installing adequate crash barriers for buses on embankments, bridges, and tunnels, improving signage, and eliminating hazardous road points. For example, following the Mestre (Italy) crash, authorities ordered inspections and replacements of guardrails on similar overpasses. In Spain, after student bus accidents, stronger barriers were installed and enhanced weather-warning signage was deployed. France launched studies on improving emergency exits for buses and fire-prevention measures for trucks carrying hazardous goods after the deadly Puisseguin fire. Some cities are introducing protected bus-only lanes to reduce conflicts with other traffic. In rural areas, authorities are replacing dangerous level crossings with overpasses or automated barriers\u2014particularly following accidents involving school buses in France and Italy.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Technology and Monitoring:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Beyond onboard safety devices, many public transport fleets now use telematics systems for real-time vehicle monitoring. This includes remote tracking of driving styles (hard braking, rapid acceleration, speeding), helping to detect risky behaviors and improve driver coaching or intervention. Some companies have installed onboard dash cams and surveillance systems\u2014not only useful in reconstructing accidents, but also serving as a deterrent against traffic violations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This analysis highlights a twofold reality: while the widespread use of private vehicles continues to pose the highest road safety risk across Europe, bus-based public transport remains one of the safest travel modes, with far lower accident and mortality rates.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, tragic events like the October 3, 2023 crash in Mestre (Venice), where an electric bus fell from a viaduct killing 22 people, or the December 24, 2022 accident in Galicia (Spain), which claimed seven lives after a bus plunged into a river during a storm, remind us that a single incident can have devastating consequences. In both cases, infrastructure vulnerabilities and extreme conditions played a significant role.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, despite overall progress, continuous investment in prevention, maintenance, and innovation remains essential to ensure that collective mobility is not only efficient, but above all, safe for everyone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fdcfc74e wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-black-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-small-font-size has-text-align-left has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/costo-del-personale-c3\/\" style=\"background-color:#ebebeb\">Previous article<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Europa, circa l\u20191-2% delle vittime stradali \u00e8 legato a incidenti che coinvolgono autobus o pullman. Nel 2023, su oltre 20.000 decessi, solo 90 sono stati associati a questi mezzi. Una tendenza confermata anche in Italia, dove la quota scende sotto l\u20191%, rafforzando l\u2019evidenza che il TPL su gomma \u00e8 tra le modalit\u00e0 di viaggio [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3987,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mobility-metrics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3985","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3985"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3985\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5311,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3985\/revisions\/5311"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3987"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}