{"id":3963,"date":"2025-05-14T06:45:50","date_gmt":"2025-05-14T04:45:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/?p=3963"},"modified":"2026-01-08T16:33:22","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T15:33:22","slug":"costo-del-personale-c3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/costo-del-personale-c3\/","title":{"rendered":"INCIDENCE OF PERSONNEL COST ON TOTAL PRODUCTION COSTS: a comparison of Italian LPT companies - Cluster 3"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The analysis is based on the incidence of personnel cost on total production costs, a relevant parameter for assessing the economic sustainability of local public transport companies. The sample considered includes 39 Italian companies, divided into three clusters based on 2023 turnover. The indicator, which averages 50.2 percent in 2023, shows variations related to organizational choices, contractual policies and different cost dynamics over time.<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1810\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ENG_CLUSTER-3-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Tabella incidenza costi personale nelle aziende di TPL 2023\" class=\"wp-image-3964\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ENG_CLUSTER-3-scaled.jpg 1810w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ENG_CLUSTER-3-1280x1810.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ENG_CLUSTER-3-980x1386.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ENG_CLUSTER-3-480x679.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 1810px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c40ba2c8e0f305e41631c4951181bcb3\" style=\"color:#0763e3\">Share on:<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-social-links has-large-icon-size has-icon-color has-icon-background-color is-style-pill-shape is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-social-links-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex\"><li style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#ebebeb;\" class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-linkedin has-white-color wp-block-social-link\"><a rel=\"noopener nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/sharing\/share-offsite\/?url=https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/costo-del-personale-c3\/\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M19.7,3H4.3C3.582,3,3,3.582,3,4.3v15.4C3,20.418,3.582,21,4.3,21h15.4c0.718,0,1.3-0.582,1.3-1.3V4.3 C21,3.582,20.418,3,19.7,3z M8.339,18.338H5.667v-8.59h2.672V18.338z M7.004,8.574c-0.857,0-1.549-0.694-1.549-1.548 c0-0.855,0.691-1.548,1.549-1.548c0.854,0,1.547,0.694,1.547,1.548C8.551,7.881,7.858,8.574,7.004,8.574z M18.339,18.338h-2.669 v-4.177c0-0.996-0.017-2.278-1.387-2.278c-1.389,0-1.601,1.086-1.601,2.206v4.249h-2.667v-8.59h2.559v1.174h0.037 c0.356-0.675,1.227-1.387,2.526-1.387c2.703,0,3.203,1.779,3.203,4.092V18.338z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">LinkedIn<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n<li style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#ebebeb;\" class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-x has-white-color wp-block-social-link\"><a rel=\"noopener nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/costo-del-personale-c3\/\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M13.982 10.622 20.54 3h-1.554l-5.693 6.618L8.745 3H3.5l6.876 10.007L3.5 21h1.554l6.012-6.989L15.868 21h5.245l-7.131-10.378Zm-2.128 2.474-.697-.997-5.543-7.93H8l4.474 6.4.697.996 5.815 8.318h-2.387l-4.745-6.787Z\" \/><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">X<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n<li style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#ebebeb;\" class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-instagram has-white-color wp-block-social-link\"><a rel=\"noopener nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/DJnv0IHs2Vr\/\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">Instagram<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n<li style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#ebebeb;\" class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-facebook has-white-color wp-block-social-link\"><a rel=\"noopener nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/costo-del-personale-c3\/\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Cluster 3 gathers companies with an annual turnover between 51 and 28 million euros.  For each of them, the incidence of personnel costs on total production costs was calculated, looking at the values for 2014, 2023, the average for the period 2014-2023, and the percentage change between 2023 and 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1622\" height=\"1074\" src=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab-eng-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3967\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab-eng-1.png 1620w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab-eng-1-1280x847.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab-eng-1-980x648.png 980w, https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tab-eng-1-480x318.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 1622px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">In this group, the ratio of personnel costs to total production costs in 2023 averages 49.9 percent, with a median of 48.8 percent. Compared to 2014, both indicators are declining: the average is reduced by 3 percentage points, the median by 4.3 points.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-65ea983987956db7998c2e3ed68b3652 translation-block\">Again, the distribution is quite wide: it ranges from 63.9 percent for TPL Linea to 44 percent for MOVIBUS s.r.l. Most of the entities in the cluster recorded a decrease in the incidence of personnel costs, in some cases even more than 15 percent. Only in a few cases are increases observed, such as that of TPL Linea and KYMA Mobility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Looking at the data as a whole, clear differences emerge among the three clusters of companies. Cluster 1, which includes companies with turnovers above 95 million euros, shows remarkable stability: between 2014 and 2023, the average incidence of personnel costs dropped only a few percentage points, while the median remained unchanged.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">In Cluster 2, which includes companies with turnovers between 94 and 52 million euros, the reduction is the most pronounced: the mean falls by about 5 points and the median by more than 6 percent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Finally, in Cluster 3, composed of smaller companies, it is possible to find, a contraction of almost 6 percent in both the mean and the median.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These data suggest that smaller firms may have changed their cost structure to a greater extent, with a more widespread reduction in the incidence of personnel. In contrast, larger firms appear to have maintained a more stable cost composition over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note: The incidence of personnel costs was calculated on production costs, which include: personnel costs, costs for consumable raw materials, operating expenses, use of third-party assets, depreciation and other costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also read more on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/costi-personale-tpl\/\">Cluster 1<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/costo-del-personale-c2\/\">Cluster 2 <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fdcfc74e wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-black-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-small-font-size has-text-align-left has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/costo-del-personale-c2\/\" style=\"background-color:#ebebeb\">Previous article<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019analisi si basa sull\u2019incidenza del costo del personale sul totale dei costi di produzione, parametro rilevante per valutare la sostenibilit\u00e0 economica delle aziende di trasporto pubblico locale. Il campione considerato comprende 39 aziende italiane, suddivise in tre cluster in base al fatturato 2023. L\u2019indicatore, che nel 2023 si attesta mediamente al 50,2%, evidenzia variazioni legate [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3979,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3963","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mobility-metrics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3963","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3963"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5312,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3963\/revisions\/5312"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3979"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.basco-t.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}